<hdr>The World Factbook 1994: Cameroon<nl>Geography</hdr><body>
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<item><hi format=bold>Location:</hi> Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria
<item><hi format=bold>Area:</hi>
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<item>• <hi format=ital>total area:</hi> 475,440 sq km
<item>• <hi format=ital>land area:</hi> 469,440 sq km
<item>• <hi format=ital>comparative area:</hi> slightly larger than California
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<item><hi format=bold>Land boundaries:</hi> total 4,591 km, Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km, Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298 km, Nigeria 1,690 km
<item><hi format=bold>International disputes:</hi> demarcation of international boundaries in Lake Chad, the lack of which has led to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaiting ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; boundary commission, created with Nigeria to discuss unresolved land and maritime boundaries in the vicinity of the Bakasi Peninsula, has not yet convened, but a commission was formed in January 1994 to study a flare-up of the dispute
<item><hi format=bold>Climate:</hi> varies with terrain from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north
<item><hi format=bold>Terrain:</hi> diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north
<item><hi format=bold>Natural resources:</hi> petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, hydropower potential
<item><hi format=bold>Land use:</hi>
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<item>• <hi format=ital>arable land:</hi> 13%
<item>• <hi format=ital>permanent crops:</hi> 2%
<item>• <hi format=ital>meadows and pastures:</hi> 18%
<item>• <hi format=ital>forest and woodland:</hi> 54%
<item>• <hi format=ital>other:</hi> 13%
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<item><hi format=bold>Irrigated land:</hi> 280 sq km (1989 est.)
<item>• <hi format=ital>natural hazards:</hi> recent volcanic activity with release of poisonous gases
<item>• <hi format=ital>international agreements:</hi> party to—Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber; signed, but not ratified—Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban
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<item><hi format=bold>Note:</hi> sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa